{"id":19,"count":2,"description":"

Polymer trong X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i<\/h2>\r\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng polymer l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh li\u00ean quan ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111ang g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c. L\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u0103n tr\u1edf trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i.\r\n\r\n\"\"\r\n\r\nC\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd. Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i polyme<\/a><\/strong> hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m polyme \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i. Vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t polymer l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee9a s\u1eaft v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 g\u1ed1c s\u1eaft v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ph\u1ed1t pho kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o theo nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 polymer m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\r\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng polymer<\/h2>\r\nTr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t polyme r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi trong h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a polyacrylamide. C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i polyme<\/a> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n s\u1eaft v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn, c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2013 m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m.\r\n\r\nTrong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd, polymer ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft b\u00f9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e9p b\u00f9n l\u00e0m kh\u00f4. B\u00f9n th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i ra ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a 5-10% ch\u1ea5t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng v\u00e0 90-95% n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn, do \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00f9n l\u1ecfng ch\u1ee9a 9\/10 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 l\u1edbn, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf.\r\n\r\nM\u00e1y \u00e9p b\u00f9n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u00f9n r\u1ebb v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn l\u01a1 l\u1eedng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi c\u1ee7a polyme, qua \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau hao trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p b\u00f9n. \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a b\u00f9n th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4 h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p.\r\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd khi ch\u1ecdn polymer cho m\u00e1y \u00e9p b\u00f9n<\/h2>\r\nPolyme s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00e1y \u00e9p b\u00f9n ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i keo t\u1ee5 polyme, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u t\u00e2m nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau:\r\n